Communication is the bond that holds us all together and keeps our day-to-day operations running smoothly. The foundation of good communication is information. In today’s age, computer networking has become a critical means of information interchange between people. A computer network is an interconnection between computers. We may also say that a computer network is a group of computers connected in such a way that one computer can interact with another computer.

How does a computer network work?

Computer networks are built on specialized hardware, such as switches, routers, and access points. Computers, printers, servers, and other networked devices are connected and secured via access points, known as switches, which allow devices to connect to the network without wires for IT services.

Routers are the hubs and dispatchers that link networks together. Sending information over a network is made more accessible by these devices. Using a router, you can protect your personal and corporate data from outside dangers.

MAC and IP addresses are unique identifiers for network devices and connections. The device manufacturer assigns a unique number to each device’s network interface card (NIC), known as its MAC address. Similarly, a network connection is identified by its IP address.

Importance of computer networking

For various reasons, an IT company, organization, or person might benefit significantly from networking. Some of the advantages are described as follows:

• Cost savings

You can save money and make the most of your resources through computer networks. In technology, hardware is the most expensive resource. Your hardware expenditure is significantly reduced by using a computer network.

• Boost storage capacity and volume

Computer networks use a central data storage server to store all their data. Only your staff will have access to this information. You may utilize the report to learn more about how to make your organization more productive. The amount of storage servers required is reduced when using a central server. As a bonus, your business will also run more efficiently.

• Optimize convenience and flexibility

Flexible business operations are made possible via computer networks. Any authorized device connected to the network may be used to access the business data. This allows your employees more freedom to work on their assigned tasks at any time and from any location with network or internet access.

• Streamline the exchange of ideas

Computer networking has had a significant positive impact on the landscape of communication. Text messages and data may be sent and received through networking. You may obtain the information you require by using any device. An internet connection is all you need. For instance, even if your smartphone crashes, you may still access your data by logging in from another device.

Types of computer networks and their purpose

Types of computer networks 

• PAN 

Technology equipment that serves a single person inside a facility may be linked to form Personal Area Networks (PANs). PAN is accessible within a radius of 10 meters only. It is a viable alternative for small companies or homes needing network connectivity. PAN is the most flexible networking option available. You may stream music and movies from the internet to your phone or tablet through a PAN at your home.

• LAN

As with official establishments, local area networks (LANs) may only be used in a specific location because their reach is restricted. A LAN is crucial for sharing resources such as printers, file servers, and data storage. This is one of the most widely used networking options because the cost of LAN gear, such as ethernet cables and hubs, is low.

• MAN

The metropolitan area network (MAN), also known as Campus Area Network (CAN) or Campus Networks, is a collection of many local area networks (LANs) joined together to form a single network. MAN is a network of computers spread over a town, city, or college campus. Thus, LAN is limited to a smaller area, but MAN is far more expansive. MAN may link a local place or go a considerable distance, depending on the connection.

• WAN

More people are connected through a wide area network (WAN) than through MAN. A nation, if not a continent, may be reached through WAN. Cables, optical fibers, and satellites connect the computers and the whole network. People may connect to such a network by using modems. LANs and MANs make up the smaller networks that are part of WANs.

• Wireless local area network (WLAN) 

A wireless local area network is a type of LAN that does not depend on wired connections. If you’re looking for an on-premises or IT solution, WLANs and LANs may be utilized interchangeably (wired or wireless).

• Virtual private network (VPN)

A virtual private network protects your online identity and personal information by encrypting your connection to a remote network. The VPN serves as a mediator between you and the network by encrypting your data and disguising your identity.

Although this is a good choice for transmitting and receiving sensitive information, VPNs are also the best way to protect you online. A VPN is vital to protect you from hackers while connected to a public network.

Factors when designing an IT Network

Here are a few things to remember while building an IT network.

• Know your network objectives

Astonishingly, many firms fail to assess their IT network’s primary purpose. Establishing the network’s goal is critical before acquiring the appropriate components and resources.

• Security

The importance of security cannot be overstated. Your IT network’s stability will depend on how well you identify its strengths and limitations.

Testing the security and IT infrastructure against different threats is vital to their ongoing maintenance and improvement. Otherwise, hostile third parties can compromise all the money put into building the network.

• Scalability 

The capacity to grow indefinitely is also critical. Maintenance, upgrades, and updates are required for IT resources. Predicted network expansion may assist avoid unexpected expenditures. As a result, your firm will be better prepared for any future growth that may be required.

• IT Maintenance 

You’ll have to think about IT network upkeep. The maintenance of all hardware and software components might be a mammoth undertaking depending on the size of your firm.

• Updates

The highest speed and the lowest possible security risk level may be achieved by configuring automatic updates and patching all network components.

The company’s success depends on the quality of technology it uses for its business operations. Computer networks are a must-have for every organization nowadays. Businesses and organizations may use a wide range of computer networking options. You’ll be able to improve communication inside and outside your company.